In order to extract embedded files or media from an office document you need to change the extension of the file from .doc or .docx to .zip and explore the .zip file with a zip archive extractor or with Compresed Folders Windows component (usually ships with Windows).
For .docx, media files are stored in a folder called media
For .doc, folders and files don’t have a specific description so you will have to do a little research in order to find the files you need
For example an embedded Excel sheet in a .doc file is placed in a sub-folder and the file is named Worksheet. You will need to add the .xls extension to that file and you will be able to open it as a standard Excel file.